带来一篇CentOS下ifconfig下令具体剖析

欢迎大家来到仓酷云论坛！1.测试情况:
[root@lvskeep~]#cat/etc/redhat-release
CentOSrelease5.4(Final)
[root@lvskeep~]#uname-r
2.6.18-164.el5
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfig#本机的收集设置
eth0Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr00:0C:29:BC:7A:11
inetaddr:10.0.0.30Bcast:10.0.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:febc:7a11/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:893errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:447errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:91733(89.5KiB)TXbytes:84456(82.4KiB)
Interrupt:185Baseaddress:0x1400

eth1Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr00:0C:29:BC:7A:1B
inetaddr:192.168.0.30Bcast:192.168.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:febc:7a1b/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:25errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:44errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:6622(6.4KiB)TXbytes:7942(7.7KiB)
Interrupt:169Baseaddress:0x1480

loLinkencap:LocalLoopback
inetaddr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6addr:::1/128Scope:Host
UPLOOPBACKRUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RXpackets:16errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:16errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:0
RXbytes:1224(1.1KiB)TXbytes:1224(1.1KiB)
申明：
eth0暗示第一块网卡，个中HWaddr暗示网卡的物理地点，我们能够看到今朝这
个网卡的物理地点(MAC地点）是00:0C:29:BC:7A:1B；inetaddr用来暗示网卡
的IP地点，此网卡的IP地点是10.0.0.30，播送地点，
Bcast:10.0.0.255，掩码地点Mask:255.255.255.0

lo是暗示主机的回坏地点，这个通常为用来测试一个收集步伐，但又不想让局域
网或外网的用户可以检察，只能在此台主机上运转和检察所用的收集接口。好比我
们把HTTPD办事器的指定到回坏地点，在扫瞄器输出127.0.0.1就可以看到你所架
WEB网站了。但只是您能看失掉，局域网的别的主机或用户无从晓得；
2.经由过程man下令检察体系自带的匡助
[root@lvskeep~]#manifconfig
NAME
ifconfig-configureanetworkinte***ce

SYNOPSIS#择要，提要，粗心
ifconfig[inte***ce]
ifconfiginte***ce[aftype]options|address...

DESCRIPTION
Ifconfigisusedtoconfigurethekernel-residentnetworkinte***ces.Itisusedatboottimetosetupinte***cesasnecessary.Afterthat,itisusuallyonlyneededwhendebuggingorwhensystemtuningisneeded.
Ifnoargumentsaregiven,ifconfigdisplaysthestatusofthecurrentlyactiveinte***ces.Ifasingleinte***ceargumentisgiven,itdisplaysthestatusofthegiveninte***ceonly;ifasingle-aargumentisgiven,itdisplaysthestatusofallinte***ces,eventhosethataredown.Otherwise,itconfiguresaninte***ce.

AddressFamilies
Ifthefirstargumentaftertheinte***cenameisrecognizedasthenameofasupportedaddressfamily,thataddressfamilyisusedfordecodinganddisplayingallprotocoladdresses.Currentlysupportedaddressfamiliesincludeinet(TCP/IP,default),inet6(IPv6),ax25(AMPRPacketRadio),ddp(Appletalk
Phase2),ipx(NovellIPX)andnetrom(AMPRPacketradio).AllnumberssuppliedaspartsinIPv4dotteddecimalnotationmaybedecimal,octal,orhexadecimal,asspecifiedintheISOCstandard(thatis,aleading0xor0Ximplieshexadecimal;otherwise,aleadingimpliesoctal;otherwise,thenumberisinterpretedasdecimal).UseofhexamedialandoctalnumbersisnotRFC-compliantandthereforeitsuseisdiscouragedandmaygoaway.

OPTIONS
Inte***ce#e.geth0、eth1
Thenameoftheinte***ce.Thisisusuallyadrivernamefollowedbyaunitnumber,forexampleeth0forthefirstEthernetinte***ce.
e.g
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfigeth0
eth0Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr00:0C:29:BC:7A:11
inetaddr:10.0.0.30Bcast:10.0.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:febc:7a11/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:673errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:338errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:68647(67.0KiB)TXbytes:66442(64.8KiB)
Interrupt:185Baseaddress:0x1400

upThisflagcausestheinte***cetobeactivated.Itisimplicitlyspecifiedifanaddressisassignedtotheinte***ce.
e.g
在假造机上实行ifconfigeth0up下令，激活eth0
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfigeth0up
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfig#考证是不是激活
eth0Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr00:0C:29:BC:7A:11
inetaddr:10.0.0.30Bcast:10.0.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:febc:7a11/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:893errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:447errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:91733(89.5KiB)TXbytes:84456(82.4KiB)
Interrupt:185Baseaddress:0x1400

eth1Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr00:0C:29:BC:7A:1B
inetaddr:192.168.0.30Bcast:192.168.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:febc:7a1b/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:25errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:44errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:6622(6.4KiB)TXbytes:7942(7.7KiB)
Interrupt:169Baseaddress:0x1480

loLinkencap:LocalLoopback
inetaddr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6addr:::1/128Scope:Host
UPLOOPBACKRUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RXpackets:16errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:16errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:0
RXbytes:1224(1.1KiB)TXbytes:1224(1.1KiB)
看到eth0已乐成激活
downThisflagcausesthedriverforthisinte***cetobeshutdown.
e.g
SecureCRT软件
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfigeth0down
了局：光标一直闪灼
间接在假造机里操纵
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfig
eth1Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr00:0C:29:BC:7A:1B
inetaddr:192.168.0.30Bcast:192.168.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::20c:29ff:febc:7a1b/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:25errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:44errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:6622(6.4KiB)TXbytes:7942(7.7KiB)
Interrupt:169Baseaddress:0x1480

loLinkencap:LocalLoopback
inetaddr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6addr:::1/128Scope:Host
UPLOOPBACKRUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RXpackets:16errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:16errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:0
RXbytes:1224(1.1KiB)TXbytes:1224(1.1KiB)
申明：实行ifconfigeth0down下令后，网卡eth0就停失落了，不事情了，已断开了毗连，而SecureCRT就是经由过程eth0毗连的假造机，以是光标会一向闪灼；经由过程在假造机上实行ifconfig下令考证,eth0的确停失落了。
[-]arpEnableordisabletheuseoftheARPprotocolonthisinte***ce.
e.g
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfigeth0–arp#封闭了ARP协定
实行完此下令后，SecureCRT和假造机断开毗连。封闭ARP，IP地点和MAC地点得到了对应干系，没法辨认对应的主机。
[root@lvskeep~]#ifconfigeth0arp#开启ARP协定
再次毗连一般arp下令（附录一）
[-]promisc
Enableordisablethepromiscuousmodeoftheinte***ce.Ifselected,allpacketsonthenetworkwillbereceivedbytheinte***ce.

[-]allmulti
Enableordisableall-multicastmode.Ifselected,allmulticastpacketsonthenetworkwillbereceivedbytheinte***ce.

metricN#指定在盘算数据包的转送次数时，所要加上的数量
Thisparametersetstheinte***cemetric.
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为保住菊花，这个一定得回复！

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