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按照它们在系统中的作用分成几个部分介绍给大家,通过这些基础命令的学习我们可以进一步理解Linux系统:
起首,我想说,我是带着冲突的心境停止了两天的Linux基金会集作峰会的,由于我不能不感谢这些年夜企业和linux基金会,他们对Linux的开展做出了这么多的奉献,好比援助LinusTorvarlds可以专职作为Linux天下的首脑等。可是同时,我也为Linux基金会的光环感应担心。
本次年夜会是由IBM援助的,能够说,它也是全部Linux天下的最年夜援助商。并且在Linux基金会的会员名单上的成员都是来自各年夜IT巨子,大概行将成为IT的公司,好比Adobe,他们比来方才到场Linux基金会,你能够在Linux基金会的官方网站上找到完全的名单。
这些至公司为开源奇迹在费钱,并且还将持续延续下往,对Linux和开源软件奇迹是一件功德,匡助了他们的开展,一样利用Linux和开源软件的人也是受害者。正如在对Linux基金会的实行董事JimZenmin的采访中提到的,今朝的linux基金会的重点是年夜范围的、需求庞大的Linux用户;那些为Linux做开辟的团体开辟者和团体用户,另有不计其数的部署了开源软件和Linux的中小企业,都不是他们今朝的事情重点。
本次峰会的重点也长短常光鲜明显的表现了这点,本次集会的议题不是服务器就是平安,大概就是高功能盘算,没有一个是Linux桌面等团体用户对照体贴的相干话题。
很明显,至公司援助了那些开辟者,给他们发人为,援助他们环球游览举行开辟交换等等,那末给他们一个讲话的时机那是很切合常理的。世道就是如许,拿人家的手短,分明的Linux内核和次要使用程序的开辟职员已遭到了年夜企业的影响,太过的垂青了企业服务器平台Linux和开源软件的开展,而这些将年夜年夜危险那些Linux桌面用户,他们必要一个Linux桌面体系,而不是服务器平台。
从今朝的Linux基金会的成员开看,上述情形临时不会呈现。公司事件红利为目标的。IBM在Lnux桌面市场昌盛的时分是不会挣几的,可是Linux服务器市场的昌盛能够给他带来年夜把的票子。HP和Dell则是在和微软的互助,在桌面用户平台售出大批的桌面windows体系,他们也挣的十分多,以是今朝来看,Linux想要在桌面市场有所冲破看来是很难了。
可是,今朝Linux基金会的成员中也有小部分在做Linux桌面的市场事情,可是他们更多的是在便宜条记本电脑和花狸狐哨的刊行版范畴里奔忙,可是挣的也就是服务器厂商们的零头了。
原文内容:
IcameawayfromthesecondannualLinuxFoundationCollaborationSummitwithmixedfeelings.Imean,itshardnottosupportthegroupthatpaysLinusTorvaldstospendhistimecontinuingtoleadtheposter-boyprojectforfreeandopensourcesoftware.Butatthesametime,thosegoldenchainsaremybiggestconcernabouttheLinuxFoundation.
IBMsponsoredtheevent,andtheyarethebiggestsupporterofLinuxinthecorporateworld.Thefoundationmembershipismadeupofalmostallthelargeandandmanyofwanna-be-largeITfirmsaroundtheglobe--includingAdobe,whichisoneofthefoundationsnewestmembers.Youcanfindacompletelistofmembersonthefoundationwebsite.
Thereisnodoubtthatthetimeandmoneythecorporateworldhasspent--andkeepsspending--tosupportLinuxdevelopmenthasbeenbeneficialtoLinux,andthereforetoallofuswhousetheplatform.Whenworld-classITguruslikeTorvaldsarefreedfromthedemandsofadayjobnotdirectlyrelatedtokernelissues,itsagoodthingforallofus.LikewiseworkonprojectsliketheLSB,whichcansmoothafewroughedgeskeepingsomefromadoption.Butstill,Iworryabouttheprice.
AspointedoutinRobinMillersvideointerviewwithLinuxFoundationExecutiveDirectorJimZemlin,theLinuxFoundationatpresentisfocusedonacoregroupoflarge,sophisticatedLinuxusers,notontheneedsofindividualusersanddevelopersorthethousandsofsmall-to-medium-sizedcompaniesusingordevelopingsoftwareforLinux.Zemlinalsonotesthatthegreatthingaboutopensourceisthatanyonewhowantstocanstarttheirownorganizationorfoundation,andsuggeststhatiftheLinuxFoundationisnotrightforsome,theyshoulddojustthat.WhileZemlinscommentshelpedtoclarifytheLinuxFoundationsimmediategoalsandpractices,itdidntreallyquietmydiscomfort.
BeforeIlearnedthatthepresswasnotwelcomeinanyoftheworking-meetingsatthesummitondays2and3,IsawandheardrumblingsofdiscontentfrommorethanoneordinaryLinuxdesktopuser.Oneexample:atop-tenlistofinhibitorstoLinuxadoption,createdbyacommitteeoffoundationmembers,containednothingatallrelatingtodesktopusage.Nothing.Everythingonthelistwasaboutback-roomusage.Servers.Bigiron.
Wi-fidriverswerementionedinpassing,butnotaddressedasanactionitem.Jitterynotebookkeyboards/trackpad/sundryrodentswerentmentionedatall.Thosetwoitemsarecertainlyonmytop-tenlistofinhibitorstoadoption,butnotontheirs.
Itsonlynaturalthatthepeoplewhoarepayingdevelopershardcashandpayingkernelfolkstravelanddocumentationandsystemadministrationcostswanttohaveasayinwhatthosekernelfolkandapplicationdevelopersarefocusingon.Thisisthewaythingsaresupposedtowork.Theproblemis,ormaybecome,thatthecloserelationshipbetweencoreLinuxdevelopersandlargeITfirmsmayovershadowthewantsandneedsofthosewhowantLinuxtobecomethebestdesktopplatform,notjustthebestserverplatform.
WiththecurrentmakeupoftheLinuxFoundationmembership,thatmayneverhappen.Themoneypeopleareconcernedaboutmoney.IBMwontmakemoremoneyifLinuxdoeswellonthedesktop,buttheywillifitdoesbetteronbigiron.HPandDellmakesomuchmoneyfromsellingWindowsondesktopsthattheyhavepreciouslittlemotivationtoworkhardertoseeLinuxgrowinthatspace.Thatsfine,too.
Thatis,thatsfineunlessthewantsanddesiresofIBM,HP,Dell--substituteanyothermembersnamesforanyofthosethree,Iusethemoutoffamiliarity,nottopickonthem--sototallydominatethetimeandtheeffortsoffreesoftwaredevelopersthatLinuxnevergetstothenextlevelasadesktopplatform.Moneytalks.AndwhenLinuxFoundationmoneysaysdothis,andthismeansbackroomstuff,thenthedesktopwillcontinuetogetshortshrift.
Now,therearefirmsinterestedinseeingLinuxdowellonthedesktop.Butbyandlargetheyarethesmallerfirmsamongthefoundationsmembership.Theyaretryingtomakeagowithsmall,cheaplaptopsoreye-pleasingdesktopdistributions.Andtheydontbringthesamemoneytothetablethatthebigboysdo.
Whatstheanswertothisdilemma?Idontknow.ButIdoworryoverit.SodoesPaulElliott,alongtimememberandofficeroftheAustinLinuxUsersGroup.Hereadaboutthesummitinthelocalpaper,andtriedtoattend.Unfortunately,heshowedupontheseconddayandattemptedtoregisterasajournalist,whenthepresswasnolongerwelcomeinthetalksandworkshops.HebloggedabouthisunhappinesswiththeexperienceontheLUGswebsite.
Itdoesntmakegoodbusinesssensetohavereporterssniffingaroundbusinessmeetings.Iwontarguewiththat.Toacorporation,informationneedstobesanitized,notfree.PRhandlersneedtobepresentwhenmanagementspeakstothepress.Thisislifeinthecorporateworld.Idonthaveaproblemwiththat,exceptwhenthatsamelackoftransparencybeginstoentertheFOSSworld,asitseemstohavedoneatthisLinuxevent.Itdoesntbelonghere.Itsnotpartofourculture,orourcommunity.Iworryaboutwhatweregivingupforthecorporatedole.
IhopethattheLinuxFoundationsplanstobroadenthemembershipbaseandtoaddresstheconcernsofindividualdevelopersandusers,asmentionedintheZemlininterview,cometofruition,andthatastheydotheyprovemyworriestounfoundedandunnecessary
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使用gcc或g++进行编译,使用gdb进行调试; |
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